Forgive and Forget in The Poisonwood Bible by Nathan...

People are taught to â€Å"forgive and forget† in order to be happy, afterall living with a grudge can being a serious damper in ones life. It may be easy to forgive a friend, or even a stranger depending on the situation, but what if the person that had to be forgiven was themselves? In the Poisonwood Bible by Barbara Kingsolver, the story is told through multiple points of view. Each member of the Price family is noticeably different, and each have their own inner demons. As each character is unlike, the way they handle their guilt, and search for forgiveness are also different. Some characters like Orleanna Price are forgiven by the end of the novel, and others, such as Nathan Price are not as fortunate. In this story the biggest†¦show more content†¦As a soldier stationed in the Philippines, Nathan ran away from the fray when he was wounded by piece of shrapnel. While in hiding, his unit would meet their death in the infamous Bataan Death March. Nathan is the only one to in his unit to survive. This is root of his guilt and the influence of his actions, for the rest of the story. Nathan, forever guilty of his cowardice, is permanently scarred. â€Å"Hounded by what happened in a Philippine Jungle and the ghosts of a thousand men who didn’t es cape it, his steadfast disdain for cowardice turned to obsession† (Kingsolver,96) Nathan even receives the Purple Heart for â€Å"surviving† the war, the medal isnt for heroism or bravery, its for being wounded. It’s a medal of failure, that further provokes Nathan’s shame. After the war is when Nathan began his strict devotion Christianity, what the reader witnesses throughout the story. This is what leads him to Kilanga, willingly putting his family in danger to spread the name of the lord, in hope of redemption. Nathan’s guilt at having escaped the Bataan death march has twisted his belief in God, he sees God as one who punishes and rewards strictly on the basis of merit. He lives trying to earn his, by pushing the teaching of Christianity to the Congolese. Nathan masks his cowardice using a sort of â€Å"divine right†. He uses god to justify every decision he makes, disregarding anyone elses opinion. â€Å"father needs permission only fr om the SaviourShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Poisonwood Bible 2533 Words   |  11 PagesAnupa Joseph Period 07/24/15 Fernstrom The Poisonwood Bible Reader Response #1: Pages 1-186 Whose Revelation? What is the Revelation? What do the girls learn? Book two is entitled â€Å"The Revelation† and the girls’ sections is entitled â€Å"The Things We Learned.† The Revelation was intended to mainly the Price family, excluding the father. The theme revelation has another definition: apocalypse. In the bible, the apocalypse leads to destruction and demise right before when God makes it a better place

Gcom 123 Study Guide Free Essays

Study Guide for GCOM 123 Students are recommended to know this information for class tests and the final exam. Fundamentals of Communication Chapter 1: Competent Communication What are the most common myths about communication? Explain the differences between the three models of communication: linear, interactive, and transactional. Define the basic communication elements contained in the communication models (channel, sender, receiver, message, encode, decode, context, fields of experience, noise, and feedback) Explain the two aspects of every message: Content and relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on Gcom 123 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Understand the communication competence model. How could you enhance your communication competence? What differentiates a constructive communication climate from a destructive communication climate? Chapter 2: Perception of Self and Others Define the perceptual process. What is a perceptual schema (prototype, stereotype, and script)? How is self-concept developed (reflected appraisal, significant others, and society)? What are some of the influences on perception (gender, culture, past experiences, mood, and context)? What is self-disclosure? Define the concepts of depth and breadth in terms of self-disclosure. What are the guidelines for offering and receiving self-disclosure? Why is reciprocal sharing important? Define the term â€Å"self-serving bias†. What is the self-fulfilling prophecy? What does it influence? Define the process of attribution? How does the fundamental attribution error impact competent communication? What is empathy? Chapter 3: Culture and Gender Define what culture is. Explain how culture influences communication. Define ethnocentrism, cultural relativism, and multiculturalism. Explain the major differences between individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Explain the major differences between low-power distance and high power-distance cultures. Explain the major differences between feminine and masculine cultures. How does culture influence nonverbal communication? Chapter 4: Language Explain the nature of the relationship in languages from phonemes, morphemes, syntax, and semantics. Define the four essential elements of all languages (structure, productivity, displacement, and self-reflexiveness). Explain the abstracting process (sense experience, description, inference, and judgment). Explain the two versions of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Explain how connotative meaning differs from denotative meaning. What is the difference between a fact and an inference? What are jargon and euphemisms? Chapter 5: Nonverbal Communication What are the differences between verbal and nonverbal channels of communication? What are the functions of nonverbal communication (repetition, substitution, regulation, contradiction, accentuation)? Explain the major types of nonverbal communication (kinesics, paralanguage, territoriality, proxemics, and haptics). Can you identify the kind of nonverbal communication exhibited in an example? Chapter 6: Listening to Others Define listening by its basic elements (comprehending, retaining, and responding). What are the types of listening (informational, critical and empathic)? What are the most common problems that thwart competent informational listening (conversational narcissism, competitive interrupting, glazing over, pseudo-listening, and ambushing)? What are the most common listener response styles used in empathic listening? Interpersonal Communication Chapter 7: Power Define power. Explain the difference between assertiveness and aggressiveness. What are the major power resources (expertise, legitimate authority, reward, punishment, personal qualities)? How is power indicated in communication (verbally and nonverbally)? Chapter 9: Interpersonal Conflict Management Define conflict. Differentiate between destructive and constructive conflict. Define the three internal relational dialectics (openness-closedness, novelty-predictability, and autonomy-connection). How do we address these relational dialectics? Define the five most common conflict negotiation strategies (accommodating, avoiding, controlling, compromising, and collaborating). Group Communication Chapter 10: The Anatomy of Small Groups Define what a small group is. What are the advantages and disadvantages of small groups? What is cohesion? How is it developed? What influence does cohesion have on task and social dimensions of small groups? What are group norms? What is a small group role? What is the difference between formal and informal roles? Explain the difference between the three types of informal group roles (maintenance, task, and disruptive). What is leadership? What are the different approaches to leadership (traits, styles, and situational)? Define the major leadership styles (directive or autocratic; participative or democratic; laissez-faire, and situational). Chapter 11: Effective Groups Explain the distinctions between a team and a group. What is brainstorming? What is critical to its success? Explain the steps in the Standard Agenda. Explain the differences between the major forms of decision-making (majority rule, minority rule, and consensus). What are the benefits and disadvantages of consensus? What is groupthink? How might groupthink be avoided? Public Speaking Chapter 12: Preparing Speeches What are the components of audience analysis (demographics, values, beliefs, attitudes)? What elements of speech making are influenced by audience analysis (preparation and presentation)? Define the general purpose, specific purpose, and central idea in public speaking. What should be considered when choosing a topic (speaker, subject, and person addressed)? How does one avoid plagiarism? What are the types of supporting materials used in speeches? What are the criteria for evaluating supporting material? What are the basic elements of a competent outline (symbols, coherence, completeness, balance, and division)? Identify the organizational pattern used in speeches (topical, spatial, causal, chronological, problem-solution, and Monroe’s Motivated Sequence)? Chapter 13: Presenting Speeches What is speech anxiety? What are some guidelines for managing speech anxiety? What are the critical elements of a speech introduction? What are the critical elements of a speech conclusion? What is the difference between oral and written styles of speech making? What impact do various delivery considerations have on an audience (eye contact, vocal variety, verbal fluency, poise, dynamism)? Explain the differences between the major delivery styles (manuscript, memorized, extemporaneous, and impromptu). Chapter 14: Informative Speaking What distinguished informative speaking from persuasive speaking? What is a transition? What is necessary for an appropriate or effective oral citation? What are the types of visual aids that can be used during a speech? What are guidelines for the competent usage of visual aids? Chapter 15: Persuasive Speaking Define persuasion. What are the primary dimensions of credibility (competence trustworthiness, dynamism, and composure)? Define the three Aristotelian modes of proof (ethos, logos, and pathos). Identify propositions of fact, value and policy. How to cite Gcom 123 Study Guide, Essay examples

Pricing Decision free essay sample

Week 4 Assignment Pricing Decisions BUS 612-Advanced Project Procurement October 01, 2012 Pricing Decision One of the most important and complex decisions a firm has to make is how much to pay for its items and services. The buying professional should be able to detect easily exceptionally high prices. Thus, it is necessary to give meticulous consideration to pricing decision when buying products and services. Pricing is one of the most important decisions a marketer makes regarding a product since price plays a crucial role in competitiveness and consumer demand.Marketers must determine price at the initial stage of a products life and re-evaluate pricing to manage the delicate balance between production and profits (Benton, 2010). No product can succeed if its pricing is too out of line with standards in its industry. A thirty ounce can of peanuts no matter how good cannot be priced at ten dollars and expect to draw a consumer following that allows it to achieve beyond a niche in the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Pricing Decision or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When developing pricing strategy, managers must do a thorough evaluation of competitor pricing to determine the prevailing pricing structures and how their product is positioned. Pricing StrategyPricing strategy refers to method companies use to price their products or services. Almost all companies, large or small, base the price of their products and services on production, labor and advertising expenses and then add on a certain percentage so they can make a profit. There are several different pricing strategies, such as penetration pricing, price skimming, discount pricing, product life cycle pricing and even competitive pricing (Stevenson, 2010). When considering how a price should be set, one fundamental question should be answered, what the organization is attempting to achieve with this price (Indounas, 2009). How the product is priced has an effect on the success of the company. â€Å"Price reflects more than cost and profit; pricing decisions also must be based on the degrees of competition and buyer seller relationships† (Benton, 2010 p. 297). Prices must cover cost, be set to preserve equilibrium in the market place, and set to assure sales. â€Å"In order for the purchasing professional to survive as an effective buyer, she or he must have an adequate understanding of economics and psychology. In addition, the federal, state, and local laws that affect price also must be followed† (Benton, p. 294, 2010). In today’s competitive environment in which customers are demanding more service and quality, market pricing is perhaps the most popular approach. Market pricing is in the interests of both the selling firm and the buying firm. In the end, the buying firm must determine whether the purchase price fits its competitive cost structure (p. 294). Pricing strategy refers to method companies use to price their products or services. Almost all companies, large or small, base the price of their products and services on production, labor and advertising expenses and then add on a certain percentage so they can make a profit.There are several different pricing strategies, such as penetration pricing, price skimming, discount pricing, product life cycle pricing and even competitive pricing. Benton (2010) discusses pricing strategy as Price-Setting strategy: Economic and Price-Making Strategy: Psychological. The price setting, economic focus on â€Å"target† market pricing, target pricing is practiced when the buying firm determines whether the purchase price fits its competitive cost structure. Price-making strategy consists of several types of discounts, trade discounts, quantity discounts, and cash discounts (Benton, 2010).Mullins (p. 307, 2010) outlines several other pricing strategies, such as, market skimming, market penetrations, price adaptation and cost-plus pricing. Market skimming involves charging the highest possible price for a given product; market penetration is a strategy to keep prices relatively low in order to gain market share; price adaptation keeps prices relatively low in order to gain market share, and cost-plus pricing assures that all costs, both fixed and variable are covered in the desired percentages (p. 71). Company Using Purchasing Strategy Dell is a company that has used a purchasing strategy to improve the financial impact of the company. Historically, prices were determined through bargaining or negotiations between buyers and sellers. Different prices were set based on the buyer needs and bargaining skill. The establishment of one price for every customer is relatively new phenomenon that came about with the rise of retailers but price still remains a major factor in affecting consumer-buying decisions.The ability of price to affect consumer decision and its flexibility makes pricing strategies important in meeting Dell’s objectives in a competitive environment (Dell 10-K, 2005). The main objective of Dell is to produce the low price and profitable notebook for the customer. For Dell Company, all the prices that they sell are posed to the internet and that is usually based on the e-commerce market (eweek, 2001). The main reason for successful pricing strategy is having a reasonably precise idea of supply and demand.Dell Company has set different types of pricing based on the home user, small business user and medium or large business user. The pricing structure changes as the products move through their life cycle. Dell is the low-cost leader in the industry. Dell’s highly efficient supply chain management and manufacturing organization, efficient direct business model, and concentration on standards-based technologies allow â€Å"Dell to maintain the lowest cost structure among its major competitors, and to pass those savings to its customers.

Communication and Social Media for Business Communication

Question: Discuss about theCommunication and Social Media for Business Communication. Answer: But developing relationships with coworkersyour peers, superiors, and subordinatesis incredibly important, perhaps even the most important thing youll do at work, and this is completely dependent on your communication skills. The above lines from the famous book Effective Business Communication of Scribendi discusses about the importance of the concept of communication in the genre of business operations. It is significant to note that the communication forms an important part of the various business organizations. The advent of globalization and the recent developments in the field of technology has significantly transformed the way the various business organizations as well as companies conduct their business with the other business organizations or the customers and the end users (Kernbach, Eppler and Bresciani 2015). It is significantly here that the concept of communication comes into play. However, it is significant to note that in the present times the various business organizations are increasingly turning towards the various platforms of the social to attain the process of effective communication (Kernbach, Eppler and Bresciani 2015). The various platforms related to the social media not only pro vide a cheap platform where information can be easily passed on but also a very reliable and at the same a fast one (Kernbach, Eppler and Bresciani 2015). This essay will discuss about the impact of social media on the contemporary business communication. The concept of communication can be defined as the process by means of which one person or a business organization conveys on or passes on the required information to the other person or business organizations (Aral, Dellarocas and Godes 2013). In the opinion of many people the process of communication requires the presence of three entities, namely, the sender, medium and the receiver of the information (Aral, Dellarocas and Godes 2013). Therefore, business communication is information sharing between people within and outside an organization that is performed for the commercial benefit of the organization(Goh, Heng and Lin 2013). It is significant to note that there are three primary kinds of communication within a particular business organization-the first kind of communication is the one which occurs between the shareholders of the organization and the organization itself, the second of communication is the communication which occurs between the organization and the various emplo yees of the organization and the third kind of communication occurs between the organization and its customers or the end user of the products or the services provided by the concerned business organization (Goh, Heng and Lin 2013). In the present times it is seen that the various business organizations often take the help of the various platforms offered by social media to effectively conduct the process of communication with these diverse entities of the business organization and thus the use of social media has gained prominence within the various business organizations (Aral, Dellarocas and Godes 2013). Woolworths Limited founded by Percy Christmas, Stanley Chatterton, Cecil Scott Waine, George Creed and Ernest Williams in the year 1924 is one of the largest retail business organizations not only of the nation of Australia but also of the world (Woolworths.com.au. 2018). The business organization offers retail services to the customers and is known for the wide range of products as well as services which it offers to the diverse customers (Woolworths.com.au. 2018). It is significant to note that it is the second largest company in Australia by revenue, after Perth-based retail-focused conglomerate Wesfarmers and the second largest in New Zealand (Woolworths.com.au. 2018). In addition to this, the concerned company is also the largest takeaway liquor retailer in Australia, the largest hotel and gaming poker machine operator in Australia, and was the 19th largest retailer in the world in 2008 (Woolworths.com.au. 2018). The net revenue earned by the concerned company for the year2017 w as $25.7 Billion (Forbes.com. 2018). Therefore, it can be said that concerned business organization forms the backbone of the economic framework of the country of Australia. The most important kind of communication which the majority of the business organizations including Woolworths Limited require for their business purposes is the communication with their customers or the end users of the products or the services offered by them (Guffey and Loewy 2012). It is significant to note that the customers or the end users of the products or the services offered by a particular business organization form the most important part of the various business organizations and it is on them that the prospects of a particular business organization (Guffey and Loewy 2012). It is here that the role of the social media becomes very important as this particular platform is utilized by the various business organizations to convey their messages most effectively to the customers or the end users of the products offered by them (Chaney and Martin 2013). The various platforms of social media is utilized by the company Woolworth Limited not only to provide relevant information about their existing products as well as services to the customers or the end users but also relevant information about the new products or the services which they are about to launch or have already launched in the market (Chaney and Martin 2013). Furthermore, it is also seen that the various business organizations take the help of the various platforms related to the social media to address the various questions as well as the grievances of the customers (Chaney and Martin 2013). It is seen that in the present times the customers like the take the help of the products or the services offered by a particular company which have a positive image over the social media and they often get influenced by the reviews of the other customers who have already utilized the products or the services offered by the particular business organization (Guffey and Loewy 2012). Therefore, the various platforms related to the social media become very important for the business organizations like Woolwor ths Limited not only to communicate effectively with the various customers or the end users of the products or the services offered by them but also to create a positive brand image for themselves (Chaney and Martin 2013). The employees are another part of the business organization which plays a significant role in the business process and therefore an effective communication with them is very important for the better performance of the employees (Wang, Yu and Wei 2012). The process of communication gains special significance as the business organizations need to convey their goals as well as objectives in the most effective manner to the employees so that the personal goals and the objectives of the individual employees are in synchronization with that that of the business organization (Wang, Yu and Wei 2012). Furthermore, the concept of communication is utilized by the various business organizations to effective convey information to the employees about the diverse job roles which they need to perform (Erdo?mu? and Cicek 2012). It is significant to note that in the opinion of many people this particular process helps the various business organizations like Woolworths Limited to maintain coordination not only between the concerned organization and the employees but also among the diverse employees as well (Erdo?mu? and Cicek 2012). It is here that the role of the various platforms related to the social media becomes very significant. The various platforms related to the social media not only provide a very inexpensive medium to the concerned business organizations but also a very medium. It is generally seen that if the business organizations use traditional forms of communication medium it is not only time consuming but also requires a considerable amount of resources of the business organizations (Erdo?mu? and Cicek 2012). Therefore, the various business organizations take the help of the various platforms related to the social media not only for the purposes of delivering the desired message to the employees but also to maintain coordination among the various employees. It is significant to note that the various researches suggest that the use of social media also helps the v arious people to reduce the level of stress felt by them (Wang, Yu and Wei 2012). Therefore, the various business organizations take the help of the various platforms related to the social media not only for the purposes of effective communication but also for the purposes of reducing the level of stress faced by them (Wang, Yu and Wei 2012). Thus, it would be apt to say that the use of social media for the purposes of communication provides several benefits to the business organizations like Woolworths Limited. The various shareholders also form an important part of the various business organization and they are the people have invested in the business of the concerned business organization and therefore take an active interest in the business process of the concerned organization (Thill and Bove 2013). Therefore, an effective communication with these shareholders related to a particular business is very important and in a bid to achieve the process of effective the various business organizations take the help of the diverse platforms offered by the social media (Thill and Bove 2013). The business organizations like Woolworths Limited need to convey the relevant information about the various strategies as well as the decisions related to their business operations to the various shareholders of the business organization (Kim and Ko 2012). It is here that the importance of the various platforms offered by the social media comes into prominence. The introduction of the social media has drastic ally changed the way the various business organizations communicate with their shareholders. It is significant to note that the business organizations in the traditional times used to communicate with their shareholders with the help of the various traditional means like meetings, conferences, seminars and others (Kim and Ko 2012). However, the introduction of the social media has drastically modified this and now the various business organizations take the help of the social media to communicate with their shareholders. Therefore, instead of using the traditional means of meetings, seminars and others the various business organizations in the present times take the help of emails, social media, video calls and others for the process of communication with their shareholders (Kim and Ko 2012). The company Woolworths Limited takes the help of this innovation for the purpose of their communication with their shareholders. The major problem which most of the business organizations like Woolworths Limited in the present times face is the problem of cross cultural miscommunication which has become one of the most significant problems for the organizations operational in various diverse locations (Kwok and Yu 2013). The problem of cross cultural miscommunication arises when the people involved in the process of communication are from the various diverse cultural backgrounds (Argenti 2015). Therefore, the various business organizations like Woolworths Limited take the help of various platforms related to the social media in a bid to overcome this particular problem. The use of social media for the purposes of communication not only obliterates the various barriers in the process of effective cross cultural communication but also helps in a better conveyance of the message to the diverse entities of the workplace (Grunig 2013). The process also helps in reducing the amount of conflicts and misunderstandings . Therefore, it is seen that most of the business organizations take the help of social for the process of communication. To conclude, communication forms an important part of the various business organizations and the concept is used by the various business organizations to effectively deliver their desired messages to the various people who are related to the business. Furthermore, the recent advancements in the field of technology and also the recent innovations has drastically modified the way the various business organizations communicate not only with their employees and the shareholders of the business organizations but also with the various customers who are related to the organization and form the main source of their income. Therefore, the platform of social media is used by the various business organizations for the purpose of effective communication. The various platforms related to social media not only provides a very fast medium for communication but is also very inexpensive and helps to reduce the amount of misunderstanding among the employees. References Aral, S., Dellarocas, C. and Godes, D., 2013. Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), pp.3-13. Argenti, P.A., 2015.Corporate communication. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Chaney, L. and Martin, J., 2013.Intercultural business communication. Pearson Higher Ed. Erdo?mu?, ?.E. and Cicek, M., 2012. The impact of social media marketing on brand loyalty.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,58, pp.1353-1360. Forbes.com. 2018.Forbes Welcome. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/companies/woolworths/ [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018]. Goh, K.Y., Heng, C.S. and Lin, Z., 2013. Social media brand community and consumer behavior: Quantifying the relative impact of user-and marketer-generated content.Information Systems Research,24(1), pp.88-107. Grunig, J.E. ed., 2013.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Guffey, M.E. and Loewy, D., 2012.Essentials of business communication. Cengage Learning. Kernbach, S., Eppler, M.J. and Bresciani, S., 2015. The use of visualization in the communication of business strategies: An experimental evaluation.International Journal of Business Communication,52(2), pp.164-187. Kim, A.J. and Ko, E., 2012. Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand.Journal of Business Research,65(10), pp.1480-1486. Kwok, L. and Yu, B., 2013. Spreading social media messages on Facebook: An analysis of restaurant business-to-consumer communications.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(1), pp.84-94. Thill, J.V. and Bove, C.L., 2013.Excellence in business communication. Pearson. Wang, X., Yu, C. and Wei, Y., 2012. Social media peer communication and impacts on purchase intentions: A consumer socialization framework.Journal of interactive marketing,26(4), pp.198-208. Woolworths.com.au. 2018.{{metaController.metaData.title}}. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018].

Essay Writing Tips - How to Write a High School Essay

Essay Writing Tips - How to Write a High School EssayWriting a high school essay is difficult enough without the added pressure of not having to use any math or reading assistance that your instructor gives you, and in addition to this, most of your essay topics are already covered with the reading material. While there are many students who are just starting to write a first college essay, there are also students who have been writing college essays for years and have the ability to write college essays themselves.Since so many courses focus on college coursework, it is not surprising that the essays that students need to write are already covered by their other assignments. These essays are known as home-study essays because students are allowed to review or rewrite the assigned work at their own pace. Home-study essays are usually part of the literature course, freshman composition or the undergraduate English class.Writing your own essay can be a challenging task for many student s but with a little help from a few essay writing tips, you will be well on your way to completing your first essay for that semester. There are many ways to get started with your own essays. One great idea would be to ask someone close to you to help you out as you start writing.Many students will suggest that you keep your questions simple and to do some research on your topic if you have one. The goal is to give your essay a straight forward and easy to understand structure.If you have not had much exposure to writing on a basic topic like college essays, then you may be overwhelmed. Some teachers who encourage home-study can be great tools to help you when you begin writing your essay. The most important thing is to keep yourself interested in the topic and how you will go about doing it.For example, if you want to write a paper on the history of college or the joys of writing an essay for college, you can find many tips online orfrom personal experience to help you along the wa y. There are also things that you can do in your homework assignment to help you with writing your essay. If you do not understand something, you can ask a friend or someone in your class for advice.In addition to this, there are many ways to relax and to make your writing a great time. Whether you are doing your research on a topic or just relaxing and enjoying yourself, being able to write a good essay is something that all students can enjoy.

Elizabeth Was The Unwanted Daughter Of King Henry VIII, The King Who K

Elizabeth was the unwanted daughter of King Henry VIII, the king who killed her mother, because she did not bear a son. Elizabeth grew up in a country at war with it self in the wake of King Henry's religious reforms. Through no fault of her own, Elizabeth was cast aside by her own father; resulting in a lonely childhood and adolescence. While her half sister Mary I was queen, as a young women Elizabeth lived quietly, waiting for her opportunity to succeed. On November. 17, 1558, Mary died and Elizabeth began her reign. During her years as a queen, Elizabeth influenced England greatly, with which to this day the Elizabethan age is most often associated. Education was one of Elizabeth's greatest influences on England. Perhaps her influence on the importance of education as a young girl and her longed desire to learn helped her strive for this particular goal. Children in those days began their studies really early in the morning. They were expected to work long hours with out getting distracted. Over the years her tutors wrote glowing reports on her excellent progress. At ten years old, Elizabeth was excellent at Latin, and she could speak Italian pretty well. She was also taught ancient and modern languages, religion, history, geography, mathematics, science, and music. She kept up her studies even when she became queen.(Zamoyska 10-11) Queen Elizabeth introduced to her country the seeds of freedom, which English men now took for granted. The growing number of printing presses made books more readily available, because an increasing amount of people, both men and women began to read. (Bush 93) As a Protestant, Elizabeth influenced her country's religious decisions. According to Zamoyska: While Mary was still queen of England, Elizabeth did not want to risk her greatest opportunity of being next in line. She had a difficult task of having to conform openly to the Catholics, while still keeping support for the Protestants and the younger generation that "looked up to her." (19) "Elizabeth's first decisions bore on the religious issues. She turned the situation back to the state of things during the last years of Edward VI, allowing the repatriation of the Protestant leaders who had been driven out underMary.She didn't, however encourage further changes, and essentially supported the Church of England ..." (Rachum 162) Moderate Protestantism had been practiced under Henry VIII , and under Edward VI even more radical Protestant programs were implemented.. Mary in the other hand, had restored the Roman Catholic faith. Elizabeth herself was a moderate Protestant, and her settlement excluded papal authority, and brought back the Book of Common Prayer. This however did not recognize the demands of the extreme Puritans. During her reign a lot of pressure continued, but she resisted. Eventually the Puritans were driven underground. One of her greatest fears was that an alliance of Catholic powers might force her out of the throne, and introduce again a Catholic monarch. Eventually Elizabeth send English forces to fight on the Protestant side: In the war of religion in France and the revolt of the Dutch against Spanish rule. (Academic American Encyclopedia 141) The Spanish Armada was perhaps the greatest threat to Elizabeth. Intending this fleet to secure the deposition of Elizabeth in favor of himself, Philip II of Spain-Thus restoring Catholicism. The Naval battle in the English Channel devasted the Spanish flotilla. The use of the fire ships, English seaman ship and the "Protestant Wind" as the English call it, were responsible for the English victory that turned out to be so famous. (Academic American Encyclopedia 142) Before the war, Queen Elizabeth made a dramatic speech to her troops at Tulbury. She assured them that she had "...the heart and stomach of a king" and she promised that "...we shall shortly have a famous victory over these enemies of my God, my kingdom, and my people." She wore a gleaming silver armor and a white velvet dress. She was not about to barricade herself into one of her castles in this time of danger, but she was intending to show her country what a queen could be. The war was declared an English victory. Thus the defeat of the Armada strengthened Elizabeth's position as a figure of Protestantism. She was the one who in spite of everything, seemed "invincible." (Bush 87-90) Queen Elizabeth was the most important patron of Elizabethan theater. "Her influence was essential protecting the theatrical profession from puritan inspired prohibitions, and her court provided an important source of income and prestige for leading London acting companies..." (Boyce

Rise in Bed Bug Infestations

Rise in Bed Bug Infestations Question: Why Are Bed Bugs Making a Comeback? Answer: For centuries, bed bugs were a common pest wherever humans lived. According to Susan C. Jones, Assistant Professor of Entomology at Ohio State University, bed bugs traveled to North America with the colonists. From the 17th century until World War II, people slept with these bloodthirsty parasites biting them. Just after World War II, strong pesticides like DDT and chlordane came into widespread use. Bed bugs nearly disappeared completely over several decades of heavy pesticide use. Bed bug infestations were limited, and bed bugs were no longer considered a major pest. Eventually, these pesticides were proven harmful to peoples health and the environment. The U.S. banned DDT in 1972 when it was shown to contribute to the decline of birds like the bald eagle. A total ban on chlordane followed in 1988. Peoples attitudes about pesticides also changed. Knowing these chemicals could harm us, we lost our enthusiasm for fumigating every last bug in our homes. The pesticides used in homes today do a better job of targeting specific pest populations. Rather than spray a broad spectrum pesticide in their homes, people use chemical baits and traps to kill common pests, like ants or roaches. Since bed bugs feed only on blood, they arent attracted to these pest control baits. Just as broad spectrum pesticide use waned, cheap air travel allowed people to visit places where bed bugs still persisted. Bed bugs hadnt made headlines in years, and most travelers never considered the possibility of bringing bed bugs home. Stowaway bed bugs in luggage and clothing made their way to cities and towns where they had been eradicated decades ago. Bed bugs now infest numerous public places, where they can crawl onto clothing and hitchhike to your home. Hotels top the list of bed bug hideouts, but they may also be found in theaters, airplanes, subways, trains, buses, prisons, and dormitories. Your best guard against bed bugs is information. Know what they look like, and take appropriate steps to keep them from crossing your threshold.